Thaum pib ntawm txoj haujlwm tiling kev tshaj lij, cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis tus nqi zoo nkauj ntawm kev teeb tsa feem ntau hinges ntawm qhov tseem ceeb uas ntau tus neeg nyiam DIY saib: xim ntawm cov nplaum. Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub tsim, kev xaiv tsis txwv rau ib qho universal mortar; Hloov chaw, nws tau coj mus rau qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pobzeb tsaus nti nplaum thiab cov qauv ceramic pobzeb thinset mortar. Cov txheej txheem thinset mortar feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm grey lossis dawb ntau yam, txhua qhov ua haujlwm rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb. Grey thinset yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws thiab tus nqi- kev xaiv zoo rau kev siv hauv pem teb, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua teeb meem loj thaum siv lub teeb -xim, translucent, lossis nyias- cov vuas lub cev. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, lub hauv paus grey tsaus tuaj yeem "qhia los ntawm" cov pobzeb lub cev, av nkos nws cov xim thiab ua rau lub teeb ci ntsa iab. Conversely, dawb thinset tau ntev ua tus qauv kub rau marble thiab lub teeb ceramics kom muaj lub ntuj luminosity ntawm pob zeb. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li lub ntiaj teb architectural hloov mus rau hauv siab, tsaus nti - toned interiors -featuring charcoal porcelain, slate, thiab black granite- ib qho kev thov tshiab tau tshwm sim rau cov pobzeb tshwj xeeb tsaus nti.
Qhov tshwj xeeb tsaus mortar no tsis yog ib qho ntxoov ntxoo sib txawv; nws yog ib qho khoom siv ua kom zoo nkauj xim nrog cov xim dub lossis hlau oxide pigments. Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog kev sib xyaw ua kom zoo nkauj: yog tias muaj cov nplaum tawg tawm ntawm cov pob qij txha thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, lossis yog tias cov kab grout tshwj xeeb sib sib zog nqus, cov nplaum tsaus nti sib xyaw nrog cov pobzeb. Qhov no tiv thaiv qhov tsis zoo "flecking" nyhuv qhov twg grey lossis dawb mortar peaks los ntawm txoj kab tsaus nti grout, uas yog ib qho kev ua tsis tiav hauv siab -kawg installation. Tshaj li cov txiaj ntsig pom, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm vitrified pobzeb nplaum feem ntau ua haujlwm ntau dua li cov qauv ceramic pobzeb thinset mortar. Vim tias cov vuas vitrified yog iav -zoo li thiab muaj qhov nqus dej tsawg heev (feem ntau tsawg dua 0.5%), cov nplaum tsis tuaj yeem cia siab rau cov tshuab nqus dej ib leeg. Hloov chaw, nws yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus siab polymer los tsim cov tshuaj muaj zog heev. Cov pobzeb tsaus nti yog feem ntau tsim nrog cov qib siab - ua haujlwm polymers kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tuaj yeem txhawb nqa qhov hnyav ntawm cov pob zeb hnyav, tsaus nti, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau saum npoo.
Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov nplaum thiab cov substrate yog lwm qhov chaw uas kev lag luam kev txawj ntse tseem ceeb heev. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub qhuav-phab ntsa kev tsim kho, cov vuas feem ntau yog siv rau cov phab ntsa ntsug ua los ntawm C Hom Stud ncej thiab fiber ntau cement board. Thaum tiling tshaj noo noo- resistant plasterboard, cov nplaum yuav tsum muaj cov qib siab ntawm kev hloov pauv. Qhov elasticity no tso cai rau lub txaj nplaum kom nqus tau cov micro- txav thiab vibrations uas muaj nyob rau hauv galvanized steel stud moj khaum yam tsis muaj cracking los yog delaminating. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv siab - cov tsev nce siab uas cov txheej txheem daws teeb meem thiab thermal expansion yog qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov nplaum ua rau poob siab -absorbing choj ntawm cov pobzeb tawv thiab cov substrate txav. Siv tus qauv, tsis yog{11}} hloov mortar nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no yuav luag inevitably ua rau daim ntawv cog lus tsis ua hauj lwm, whereas ib tug polymer- hloov kho cov nplais nplaum nplaum muab qhov tsim nyog tensile lub zog kom ruaj ntseg rau ntau xyoo lawm.
Cov "siv cov kauj ruam" rau kev siv cov mortars siab heev yuav tsum muaj kev qhuab ntuas kom paub meej tag nrho cov kev pabcuam thiab kev sib raug zoo. Ua ntej, cov nplaum yuav tsum tau muab sib xyaw ua ke kom du, txiv laum huab xeeb -butter- zoo li sib xws, tso cai rau cov polymers kom hydrate tag nrho. Tom qab ntawd nws yog siv rau lub substrate siv ib tug notched trowel, uas tsim ridges uas tso cai rau huab cua khiav thaum lub pobzeb nias rau hauv qhov chaw. Ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb rau loj- hom pob zeb tsaus yog "rov qab-buttering," qhov twg nyias txheej ntawm cov nplaum yog siv rau sab nraum qab ntawm cov pobzeb nws tus kheej ua ntej nws tau teeb tsa. Qhov no ua kom 100% kev tiv thaiv thiab tshem tawm cov voids qhov twg cov dej tuaj yeem sau tau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg cog lus yuav tsum tau ceev faj: thaum cov nplaum tsaus yog zoo meej rau cov pob zeb tsaus, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nrog lub teeb ntxeem tau - cov pob zeb xim zoo li travertine lossis limestone. Cov xim nyob rau hauv cov nplaum tsaus tuaj yeem txav mus rau hauv qhov hws ntawm lub teeb pob zeb, ua rau muaj xim mus tas li ntawm cov npoo -ib qho tshwm sim hu ua "daim duab framing."
Thaum kawg, kev xaiv ntawm cov nplaum yog qhov sib npaug ntawm chemistry thiab kos duab. Raws li lub ntiaj teb no kev lag luam rau vitrified thiab loj - cov ntaub ntawv vuas tseem loj hlob, lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tshwj xeeb mortars yuav tseem ceeb heev. Los ntawm kev xaiv lub siab -kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pobzeb tsaus nti uas phim cov pob zeb hauv av tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pobzeb thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm cov substrate, cov neeg cog lus tuaj yeem zam qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem mortars. Txawm hais tias ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej noo- chav dej yooj yim lossis siab - chaw tos txais kev lag luam, kev nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem thinset thiab polymer- hloov cov nplaum yog tus yuam sij rau kev tshaj lij, ntev - ua tiav. Qhov kev pom zoo no ua kom pom tseeb tias qhov zoo nkauj ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj, cov vuas khoom kim heev yog khaws cia zoo kawg nkaus, tso cai rau lub zeem muag vaj tsev kom ci yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov pob qij txha tsis sib xws.
